{"id":1517,"date":"2024-12-03T14:33:24","date_gmt":"2024-12-03T14:33:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pamukhukuk.com\/?p=1517"},"modified":"2024-12-03T14:36:01","modified_gmt":"2024-12-03T14:36:01","slug":"kefalette-esin-yazili-izni-ve-avale-uygulanabilirligine-iliskin-bilgi-bulteni","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/pamukhukuk.com\/?p=1517","title":{"rendered":"KEFALETTE E\u015e\u0130N YAZILI \u0130ZN\u0130 VE AVALE UYGULANAB\u0130L\u0130RL\u0130\u011e\u0130NE \u0130L\u0130\u015eK\u0130N B\u0130LG\u0130 B\u00dcLTEN\u0130"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"1517\" class=\"elementor elementor-1517\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c8a3e1b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"c8a3e1b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\" data-core-v316-plus=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a2b831e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a2b831e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.16.0 - 14-09-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: justify; text-indent: -.6pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; margin: 0cm 0cm 0cm -20.7pt;\"><!-- [if !supportLists]--><b><span style=\"color: #c00000;\">A.<span style=\"font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-weight: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times New Roman';\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/b><!--[endif]--><b><span style=\"color: #c00000;\">Giri\u015f<\/span><\/b><\/p><p style=\"margin-left: -21.3pt; text-align: justify;\">Aval ile kefaleti birbirinden ay\u0131rmak gerekmektedir. Kefalet s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi feri bir s\u00f6zle\u015fmedir, s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin ge\u00e7erlili\u011fi, ge\u00e7erli bir as\u0131l borcun varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 gerektirir ve do\u011fu\u015f, sona erme bak\u0131m\u0131ndan as\u0131l borcun varl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.<a title=\"\" href=\"file:\/\/\/C:\/Users\/gcan\/AppData\/Local\/Packages\/Microsoft.Todos_8wekyb3d8bbwe\/LocalState\/AccountsRoot\/e4a356a4950e496a96cb275f3fd284fb\/Attachments\/LOCAL_ID_21486a50ddca49fca2fa1ff0413c2a03\/KEFALETTEE%C5%9E%C4%B0NYAZILI%C4%B0ZN%C4%B0VEAVALEUYGULANAB%C4%B0L%C4%B0RL%C4%B0%C4%9E%C4%B0NE%C4%B0L%C4%B0%C5%9EK%C4%B0NB%C4%B0LG%C4%B0B%C3%9CLTEN%C4%B0_PHB.docx#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\"><!-- [if !supportFootnotes]--><span class=\"MsoFootnoteReference\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: TR; mso-fareast-language: TR; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;\">[1]<\/span><\/span><!--[endif]--><\/a> Kefalet s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi ferili\u011fin sonucu olarak as\u0131l s\u00f6zle\u015fmeden etkilenir, as\u0131l borcun sona ermesi, azalmas\u0131 kefilin sorumlulu\u011funu etkiler.<a title=\"\" href=\"file:\/\/\/C:\/Users\/gcan\/AppData\/Local\/Packages\/Microsoft.Todos_8wekyb3d8bbwe\/LocalState\/AccountsRoot\/e4a356a4950e496a96cb275f3fd284fb\/Attachments\/LOCAL_ID_21486a50ddca49fca2fa1ff0413c2a03\/KEFALETTEE%C5%9E%C4%B0NYAZILI%C4%B0ZN%C4%B0VEAVALEUYGULANAB%C4%B0L%C4%B0RL%C4%B0%C4%9E%C4%B0NE%C4%B0L%C4%B0%C5%9EK%C4%B0NB%C4%B0LG%C4%B0B%C3%9CLTEN%C4%B0_PHB.docx#_ftn2\" name=\"_ftnref2\"><!-- [if !supportFootnotes]--><span class=\"MsoFootnoteReference\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: TR; mso-fareast-language: TR; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;\">[2]<\/span><\/span><!--[endif]--><\/a> Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k aval, ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z ve asli bir nitelik ta\u015f\u0131r. Avalist senet hamiline kar\u015f\u0131, lehine aval verdi\u011fi ki\u015fiye ait ki\u015fisel def \u2018ileri ileri s\u00fcremez, kendi ki\u015fisel defilerini ileri s\u00fcrebilir. Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k kefil as\u0131l bor\u00e7luya ait ki\u015fisel defilerden yararlanabilir. Yine aval ticari senet veya alonj \u00fczerine yaz\u0131l\u0131rken kefaletin mutlaka as\u0131l bor\u00e7 senedi \u00fczerine yaz\u0131lmas\u0131 gibi bir \u015fart s\u00f6z konusu de\u011fildir.<\/p><p class=\"MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst\" style=\"mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0cm -20.7pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\">6098 Say\u0131l\u0131 T\u00fcrk Bor\u00e7lar Kanunu (TBK) madde 603 uyar\u0131nca e\u015fin r\u0131zas\u0131na ili\u015fkin h\u00fck\u00fcmler, ger\u00e7ek ki\u015filerce, ki\u015fisel g\u00fcvence verilmesine ili\u015fkin olarak ba\u015fka ad alt\u0131nda yap\u0131lan di\u011fer s\u00f6zle\u015fmelere de uygulan\u0131r. Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k aval, kambiyo senedinin \u00f6denmesini k\u0131smen veya tamamen temin amac\u0131na y\u00f6nelik \u00f6zellikli bir kambiyo taahh\u00fcd\u00fc oldu\u011fundan ve T\u00fcrk Ticaret Kanunu\u2019nda buna ili\u015fkin \u00f6zel h\u00fck\u00fcmler bulundu\u011fundan, TBK\u2019n\u0131n 603\u2019\u00fcnc\u00fc maddesinin avale uygulanmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir.<a title=\"\" href=\"file:\/\/\/C:\/Users\/gcan\/AppData\/Local\/Packages\/Microsoft.Todos_8wekyb3d8bbwe\/LocalState\/AccountsRoot\/e4a356a4950e496a96cb275f3fd284fb\/Attachments\/LOCAL_ID_21486a50ddca49fca2fa1ff0413c2a03\/KEFALETTEE%C5%9E%C4%B0NYAZILI%C4%B0ZN%C4%B0VEAVALEUYGULANAB%C4%B0L%C4%B0RL%C4%B0%C4%9E%C4%B0NE%C4%B0L%C4%B0%C5%9EK%C4%B0NB%C4%B0LG%C4%B0B%C3%9CLTEN%C4%B0_PHB.docx#_ftn3\" name=\"_ftnref3\"><span class=\"MsoFootnoteReference\"><!-- [if !supportFootnotes]--><span class=\"MsoFootnoteReference\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;\">[3]<\/span><\/span><!--[endif]--><\/span><\/a> Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla kambiyo senedinin \u00fczerine \u2018kefil\u2019 ibaresi konsa dahi bu \u2018aval\u2019 olarak nitelendirilir ve avale ili\u015fkin h\u00fck\u00fcmler uygulama alan\u0131 bulur. \u0130\u015fbu bilgi b\u00fcltenimizde kambiyo senedi \u00fczerinde bulunan \u2018kefil\u2019 ibaresinin aval y\u00f6n\u00fcnden de\u011ferlendirilmesi ve i\u015fbu durumda e\u015fin r\u0131zas\u0131n\u0131n gerekip gerekmeyece\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"MsoListParagraphCxSpLast\" style=\"mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0cm -20.7pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify; text-indent: -.6pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; margin: 0cm 0cm 0cm -20.7pt;\"><!-- [if !supportLists]--><b><span style=\"color: #c00000;\">B.<span style=\"font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-weight: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times New Roman';\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/b><!--[endif]--><b><span style=\"color: #c00000;\">Kefaletin Tan\u0131m\u0131 ve Ge\u00e7erlilik Ko\u015fullar\u0131<\/span><\/b><\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0cm -20.7pt;\"><b><span style=\"color: #002060;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/b><\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0cm -20.7pt;\">Kefalet s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi, alacakl\u0131 ile kefil aras\u0131nda kurulan ve alacakl\u0131ya ki\u015fisel g\u00fcvence sa\u011flayan bir teminat s\u00f6zle\u015fmesidir. Kefil bu s\u00f6zle\u015fme ile as\u0131l bor\u00e7lunun borcunu alacakl\u0131ya kar\u015f\u0131 ifa edememe tehlikesini ki\u015fisel olarak \u00fcstlenmekte, olu\u015fan zarardan \u015fahsen sorumlu olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 taahh\u00fct etmektedir.<a title=\"\" href=\"file:\/\/\/C:\/Users\/gcan\/AppData\/Local\/Packages\/Microsoft.Todos_8wekyb3d8bbwe\/LocalState\/AccountsRoot\/e4a356a4950e496a96cb275f3fd284fb\/Attachments\/LOCAL_ID_21486a50ddca49fca2fa1ff0413c2a03\/KEFALETTEE%C5%9E%C4%B0NYAZILI%C4%B0ZN%C4%B0VEAVALEUYGULANAB%C4%B0L%C4%B0RL%C4%B0%C4%9E%C4%B0NE%C4%B0L%C4%B0%C5%9EK%C4%B0NB%C4%B0LG%C4%B0B%C3%9CLTEN%C4%B0_PHB.docx#_ftn4\" name=\"_ftnref4\"><!-- [if !supportFootnotes]--><span class=\"MsoFootnoteReference\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: TR; mso-fareast-language: TR; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;\">[4]<\/span><\/span><!--[endif]--><\/a><\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0cm -20.7pt;\">\u00a0<\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0cm -20.7pt;\">Kefalet s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin \u015fekil \u015fart\u0131 kanunun 583. Maddesinde a\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131\u015f olup i\u015fbu maddenin birinci f\u0131kras\u0131nda; Kefalet s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin, yaz\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekilde yap\u0131lmad\u0131k\u00e7a ve kefilin sorumlu olaca\u011f\u0131 azam\u00ee miktar ile kefalet tarihi belirtilmedik\u00e7e ge\u00e7erli olmayaca\u011f\u0131 ve yine kefilin sorumlu oldu\u011fu azam\u00ee miktar\u0131, kefalet tarihini ve m\u00fcteselsil kefil olmas\u0131 durumunda, bu s\u0131fatla veya bu anlama gelen herhangi bir ifadeyle y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fck alt\u0131na girdi\u011fini kefalet s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinde kendi el yaz\u0131s\u0131yla belirtmesinin \u015fart oldu\u011fu yaz\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0cm -20.7pt;\">\u00a0<\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0cm -20.7pt;\">T\u00fcrk Bor\u00e7lar Kanunu\u2019nun 589.maddesinde kefilin sorumlulu\u011funun kapsam\u0131 belirlenmi\u015ftir. Kanuna g\u00f6re kefil, her durumda kefalet s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinde belirtilen azam\u00ee miktar kadar sorumludur. Kefalet s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin ge\u00e7erli olabilmesi i\u00e7in kefilin sorumlu oldu\u011fu azami miktar\u0131n kefalet s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinde a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a g\u00f6sterilmesi zorunludur. TBK md. 583\/1\u2019de kefilin sorumlu oldu\u011fu azami miktar\u0131n kefalet s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinde kefil taraf\u0131ndan el yaz\u0131s\u0131 ile yaz\u0131lmas\u0131 \u015fart\u0131 getirilmi\u015ftir. (TBK md. 584)<\/p><p style=\"margin-left: -20.7pt; text-align: justify;\">Kanunun 584. Maddesinde kefalet s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin bir di\u011fer ge\u00e7erlilik \u015fart\u0131 olarak \u2018e\u015fin r\u0131zas\u0131n\u0131n gereklili\u011fi\u2019 yaz\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r. Buna g\u00f6re;<\/p><p style=\"margin-left: -20.7pt; text-align: justify;\"><i>\u201cE\u015flerden biri mahkemece verilmi\u015f bir ayr\u0131l\u0131k karar\u0131 olmad\u0131k\u00e7a veya yasal olarak ayr\u0131 ya\u015fama hakk\u0131 do\u011fmad\u0131k\u00e7a, ancak di\u011ferinin yaz\u0131l\u0131 r\u0131zas\u0131yla kefil olabilir; bu r\u0131zan\u0131n s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin kurulmas\u0131ndan \u00f6nce ya da en ge\u00e7 kurulmas\u0131 an\u0131nda verilmi\u015f olmas\u0131 \u015fartt\u0131r.<\/i><\/p><p style=\"margin-left: -20.7pt; text-align: justify;\"><i>Kefalet s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinde sonradan yap\u0131lan ve kefilin sorumlu olaca\u011f\u0131 miktar\u0131n artmas\u0131na veya adi kefaletin m\u00fcteselsil kefalete d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmesine ya da kefil yarar\u0131na olan g\u00fcvencelerin \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde azalmas\u0131na sebep olmayan de\u011fi\u015fiklikler i\u00e7in e\u015fin r\u0131zas\u0131 gerekmez.\u201d <\/i><\/p><p style=\"margin-left: -20.7pt; text-align: justify;\">S\u00f6z konusu maddenin ticaret hayat\u0131ndaki s\u00fcrat, g\u00fcvenlik ve pratiklik ihtiyac\u0131na uygun olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki ele\u015ftiriler neticesinde 28.03.2013 tarihinde 6455 say\u0131l\u0131 kanunun 77.maddesi ile 584. Maddeye \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kra olarak; <i>\u201c Ticaret siciline kay\u0131tl\u0131 ticari i\u015fletmenin sahibi veya ticaret \u015firketinin ortak ya da y\u00f6neticisi taraf\u0131ndan i\u015fletme veya \u015firketle ilgili olarak verilecek kefaletler, mesleki faaliyetleri ile ilgili olarak esnaf ve sanatk\u00e2rlar siciline kay\u0131tl\u0131 esnaf veya sanatk\u00e2rlar taraf\u0131ndan verilecek kefaletler, 27\/12\/2006 tarihli ve 5570 say\u0131l\u0131 Kamu Sermayeli Bankalar Taraf\u0131ndan Y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen Faiz Destekli Kredi Kulland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na Dair Kanun kapsam\u0131nda kullan\u0131lacak kredilerde verilecek kefaletler ile tar\u0131m kredi, tar\u0131m sat\u0131\u015f ve esnaf ve sanatk\u00e2rlar kredi ve kefalet kooperatifleri ile kamu kurum ve kurulu\u015flar\u0131nca kooperatif ortaklar\u0131na kulland\u0131r\u0131lacak kredilerde verilecek kefaletler i\u00e7in e\u015fin r\u0131zas\u0131 aranmaz.\u201d<\/i> h\u00fckm\u00fc eklenmi\u015ftir.<\/p><p style=\"margin-left: -20.7pt; text-align: justify;\">G\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00fczere kefalet s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin ge\u00e7erli olarak kurulmas\u0131 i\u00e7in e\u015fin r\u0131zas\u0131 gerekmektedir. Bu emredici h\u00fck\u00fcmden e\u015flerin feragat etmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. E\u015fin yaz\u0131l\u0131 r\u0131zas\u0131n\u0131n verilmesi adi yaz\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekle tabi olup r\u0131zan\u0131n e\u015f taraf\u0131ndan imzalanmas\u0131 yeterlidir. \u0130\u015fbu r\u0131zan\u0131n kefalet s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin kurulmas\u0131ndan \u00f6nce ya da en ge\u00e7 kurulmas\u0131 an\u0131nda verilmi\u015f olmas\u0131 \u015fartt\u0131r. Bu sebeple gelecekte yap\u0131lacak kefalet s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerini kapsayan genel bir r\u0131za verilmesi veya kefalet s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi kurulduktan sonra r\u0131za verilmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir.<\/p><p style=\"margin-left: -20.7pt; text-align: justify;\">T\u00fcrk Bor\u00e7lar Kanunu\u2019nun 584\/1. Maddesine g\u00f6re r\u0131za sonradan verilecek icazet ile tamamlanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, e\u015fin izni tamamlay\u0131c\u0131 unsur de\u011fil ge\u00e7erlilik unsurudur. Yani kefalet s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin ge\u00e7erli olarak kurulabilmesi i\u00e7in e\u015fin r\u0131zas\u0131 mutlaka gereklidir. Aksi halde kefalet s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi ge\u00e7ersiz olacakt\u0131r. Zira r\u0131za, e\u015fin kefil olma ehliyetini s\u0131n\u0131rlar ve r\u0131zan\u0131n yoklu\u011funun yapt\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 kesin h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fckt\u00fcr. Bu ge\u00e7ersizlik hakim taraf\u0131ndan resen dikkate al\u0131n\u0131r.<a title=\"\" href=\"file:\/\/\/C:\/Users\/gcan\/AppData\/Local\/Packages\/Microsoft.Todos_8wekyb3d8bbwe\/LocalState\/AccountsRoot\/e4a356a4950e496a96cb275f3fd284fb\/Attachments\/LOCAL_ID_21486a50ddca49fca2fa1ff0413c2a03\/KEFALETTEE%C5%9E%C4%B0NYAZILI%C4%B0ZN%C4%B0VEAVALEUYGULANAB%C4%B0L%C4%B0RL%C4%B0%C4%9E%C4%B0NE%C4%B0L%C4%B0%C5%9EK%C4%B0NB%C4%B0LG%C4%B0B%C3%9CLTEN%C4%B0_PHB.docx#_ftn5\" name=\"_ftnref5\"><!-- [if !supportFootnotes]--><span class=\"MsoFootnoteReference\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: TR; mso-fareast-language: TR; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;\">[5]<\/span><\/span><!--[endif]--><\/a><\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify; text-indent: -.6pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; margin: 0cm 0cm 0cm -20.7pt;\"><!-- [if !supportLists]--><b><span style=\"color: #c00000;\">C.<span style=\"font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-weight: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times New Roman';\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/b><!--[endif]--><b><span style=\"color: #c00000;\">Avalin Tan\u0131m\u0131 ve Ge\u00e7erlilik Ko\u015fullar\u0131<\/span><\/b><\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0cm -20.7pt;\"><b><span style=\"color: #002060;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/b><\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0cm -20.7pt;\">6098 say\u0131l\u0131 kanunun \u2018uygulama alan\u0131\u2019 kenar ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 603\u2019\u00fcnc\u00fc maddesinde; <i>\u201d<\/i><i> Kefaletin \u015fekline, kefil olma ehliyetine ve e\u015fin r\u0131zas\u0131na ili\u015fkin h\u00fck\u00fcmler, ger\u00e7ek ki\u015filerce, ki\u015fisel g\u00fcvence verilmesine ili\u015fkin olarak ba\u015fka ad alt\u0131nda yap\u0131lan di\u011fer s\u00f6zle\u015fmelere de uygulan\u0131r.\u201d<\/i> h\u00fckm\u00fc yaz\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r. Buna g\u00f6re kanun koyucu, ki\u015fisel g\u00fcvence verilmesine ili\u015fkin olarak ba\u015fka ad alt\u0131nda yap\u0131lan di\u011fer s\u00f6zle\u015fmelere de kefalete ili\u015fkin h\u00fck\u00fcmlerin uygulanaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirterek kefaletin uygulama alan\u0131n\u0131 geni\u015fletmi\u015ftir.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0cm -20.7pt;\">\u00a0<\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0cm -20.7pt;\">Avale ili\u015fkin d\u00fczenlemeler 6102 say\u0131l\u0131 T\u00fcrk Ticaret Kanunu\u2019nun 700 ve devam\u0131 maddelerinde yer almaktad\u0131r. Buna g\u00f6re aval ile kambiyo senetlerinde bedelin \u00f6denmesinin tamamen veya k\u0131smen g\u00fcvence (teminat) alt\u0131na al\u0131nmas\u0131 sa\u011flan\u0131r. Kambiyo senedine ili\u015fkin bir teminat olan aval ke\u015fideci lehine verilebilece\u011fi gibi ciranta ya da kambiyo senedinden sorumlu olan di\u011fer kimseler lehine de verilebilir. Aval veren ki\u015fi kimin i\u00e7in aval vermi\u015fse aynen onun gibi sorumlu olur. Yine, aval veren ki\u015finin teminat alt\u0131na ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 bor\u00e7 \u015fekle ait noksandan ba\u015fka bir sebepten dolay\u0131 bat\u0131l olsa da aval veren ki\u015finin taahh\u00fcd\u00fc ge\u00e7erlili\u011fini etkilemez.<\/p><p style=\"margin-left: -20.7pt; text-align: justify;\">Avale ili\u015fkin maddi \u015fartlar, aval yoluyla teminat alt\u0131na al\u0131nacak borcun kambiyo taahh\u00fcd\u00fcne dayanan bir borcun olmas\u0131 ve aval verecek ki\u015finin aval vermeye ehliyetli olmas\u0131 gerekli olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Avale ili\u015fkin \u015fekli \u015fartlar\u0131n\u0131 ise avalin yaz\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken yer, aval beyan\u0131 ve avalin imzas\u0131 olarak incelemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p><p style=\"margin-left: -20.7pt; text-align: justify;\">Buna g\u00f6re aval, TTK m. 701\/1 uyar\u0131nca ancak poli\u00e7e veya alonj \u00fczerine yaz\u0131labilir. Aval beyan\u0131na ili\u015fkin ise TTK m. 701\/2 uyar\u0131nca avalin \u201caval i\u00e7indir\u201d veya buna benzer olan e\u015f anlaml\u0131 bir ifadeyle verilebilece\u011fi d\u00fczenlenmektedir. O halde aval verme beyan\u0131 i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken belirli bir kavram olmamakla birlikte, \u201cteminat olarak\u201d, \u201ckefil olarak\u201d, \u201cgarantileyen olarak\u201d, \u201ctekeff\u00fcl ettim\u201d, \u201casil taraf\u0131ndan vadenin hitam\u0131nda mebla\u011f\u0131 mezk\u00fbr verilmedi\u011fi taktirde\u201d ifadeleri aval verme bak\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00e7o\u011funlukla kullan\u0131lan tabirlerdir.<a title=\"\" href=\"file:\/\/\/C:\/Users\/gcan\/AppData\/Local\/Packages\/Microsoft.Todos_8wekyb3d8bbwe\/LocalState\/AccountsRoot\/e4a356a4950e496a96cb275f3fd284fb\/Attachments\/LOCAL_ID_21486a50ddca49fca2fa1ff0413c2a03\/KEFALETTEE%C5%9E%C4%B0NYAZILI%C4%B0ZN%C4%B0VEAVALEUYGULANAB%C4%B0L%C4%B0RL%C4%B0%C4%9E%C4%B0NE%C4%B0L%C4%B0%C5%9EK%C4%B0NB%C4%B0LG%C4%B0B%C3%9CLTEN%C4%B0_PHB.docx#_ftn6\" name=\"_ftnref6\"><!-- [if !supportFootnotes]--><span class=\"MsoFootnoteReference\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: TR; mso-fareast-language: TR; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\">[6]<\/span><\/span><!--[endif]--><\/a><\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify; text-indent: -.6pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; margin: 0cm 0cm 0cm -20.7pt;\"><!-- [if !supportLists]--><b><span style=\"color: #c00000;\">D.<span style=\"font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-weight: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times New Roman';\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/b><!--[endif]--><b><span style=\"color: #c00000;\">Kambiyo Senetlerindeki \u2018Kefil\u2019 \u0130baresinin \u2018Aval\u2019 Y\u00f6n\u00fcnden De\u011ferlendirilmesi<\/span><\/b><\/p><p class=\"MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst\" style=\"mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0cm -20.7pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p class=\"MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle\" style=\"mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0cm -20.7pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\">Yukar\u0131da da belirtmi\u015f oldu\u011fumuz \u00fczere T\u00fcrk Ticaret Kanunu\u2019nun 701\/2. Maddesi uyar\u0131nca avalin \u201caval i\u00e7indir\u201d veya buna benzer olan e\u015f anlaml\u0131 bir ifadeyle verilebilece\u011fi d\u00fczenlenmektedir. Bu durumda aval verme beyan\u0131 i\u00e7in \u2018kefil olarak\u2019 ifadesinin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 da m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla kambiyo senedinin \u00fczerine \u2018kefil\u2019 ibaresi konsa dahi bu \u2018aval\u2019 olarak nitelendirilir ve avale ili\u015fkin h\u00fck\u00fcmler uygulama alan\u0131 bulur. Bu halde kambiyo senedi \u00fczerine yaz\u0131lan \u2018kefil\u2019 ibaresi kefalet akdi olarak nitelendirilemeyece\u011finden T\u00fcrk Bor\u00e7lar Kanunu\u2019nun 603. Maddesi de uygulama alan\u0131 bulamayacakt\u0131r.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/p><p class=\"MsoListParagraphCxSpLast\" style=\"mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0cm -20.7pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify; text-indent: -.6pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; margin: 0cm 0cm 0cm -20.7pt;\"><!-- [if !supportLists]--><b><span style=\"color: #c00000;\">E.<span style=\"font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-weight: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times New Roman';\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/b><!--[endif]--><b><span style=\"color: #c00000;\">Kambiyo Senetlerinde \u2018Aval\u2019 Veren \u0130\u00e7in E\u015fin R\u0131zas\u0131n\u0131n Aran\u0131p Aranmayaca\u011f\u0131<\/span><\/b><\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0cm -20.7pt;\"><b><span style=\"color: #002060;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/b><\/p><p style=\"margin-left: -20.7pt; text-align: justify;\">Kambiyo senetlerinde \u2018aval\u2019 veren i\u00e7in e\u015fin r\u0131zas\u0131n\u0131n aran\u0131p aranmayaca\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkin \u00f6n\u00fcne gelen bir uyu\u015fmazl\u0131kta Hukuk Genel Kurulu 2017\/1135 E 2017\/1012 K say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131nda \u00f6zetle;<\/p><p style=\"margin-left: -20.7pt; text-align: justify;\"><i>\u201c\u2026 Her ne kadar T\u00fcrk Bor\u00e7lar Kanunu&#8217;nun 603\u2019\u00fcnc\u00fc maddesinin gerek\u00e7esinde \u201cmadde kefili koruyucu h\u00fck\u00fcmlerden kurtulmak amac\u0131yla, ba\u015fka adlar alt\u0131nda yapt\u0131klar\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fmelere de kefalet h\u00fck\u00fcmlerinin uygulanaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtmektedir. B\u00f6ylece mesela kefalet s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi yerine, \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015finin fiilini \u00fcstlenme s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi yap\u0131lmas\u0131nda oldu\u011fu gibi, alacakl\u0131lar\u0131n kefili koruyucu h\u00fck\u00fcmlerden kurtulmalar\u0131n\u0131n ve bunlar\u0131 dolanmalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nlenmesi ama\u00e7lanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u201d denmi\u015fse de bu d\u00fczenlemenin avali de kapsayaca\u011f\u0131na dair a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131k bulunmamaktad\u0131r. Hatta gerek\u00e7e &#8220;kefili koruyucu h\u00fck\u00fcmlerden kurtulmak amac\u0131yla&#8221; yap\u0131lan di\u011fer s\u00f6zle\u015fmeleri i\u015faret ederken, avalin bu kapsamda kalmad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda da teredd\u00fct bulunmamaktad\u0131r. Zira aval bir s\u00f6zle\u015fmeye de\u011fil kambiyo taahh\u00fcd\u00fcne olarak verilir ve bu sahada ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lacak ba\u015fka bir taahh\u00fct t\u00fcr\u00fc bulunmamaktad\u0131r. Di\u011fer bir ifade ile ger\u00e7ek ki\u015filerce verilen avaller T\u00fcrk Bor\u00e7lar Kanunu&#8217;nun 603\u2019\u00fcnc\u00fc maddesine t\u00e2bi tutulmayacak ve kefil lehine olan h\u00fck\u00fcmlerden kurtulmak i\u00e7in aval verildi\u011fi iler s\u00fcr\u00fclemeyecektir (Reiso\u011flu, S.: T\u00fcrk Kefalet Hukuku, Ankara 2013, s. 323)<\/i><\/p><p style=\"margin-left: -20.7pt; text-align: justify;\"><i>Kald\u0131 ki ticaret hayat\u0131ndaki s\u00fcrat ve g\u00fcven ihtiyac\u0131, ticari i\u015f ve i\u015flemlerin genel h\u00fck\u00fcmlerden ayr\u0131, \u00f6zel kanuni \u015fekil kurallar\u0131na ba\u011flanmas\u0131n\u0131 zorunlu k\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Tedav\u00fcl kabiliyeti ve kambiyo senetlerinin soyutlu\u011fu ilkeleri de bu fonksiyona hizmet ederler. Tedav\u00fcl kabiliyeti kambiyo senetlerini adi senetlerden ay\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. Bunun sa\u011flanabilmesi de kambiyo senetlerinin temel ili\u015fkiden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olmas\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Buna &#8220;soyutluk&#8221; ya da &#8220;illetten m\u00fccerret olma&#8221; denir.<\/i> <i>Soyutluluk kavram\u0131 esas itibariyle k\u0131ymetli evrak niteli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131yan bir senette m\u00fcndemi\u00e7 olan hakk\u0131n temel ili\u015fkiden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifade eder (Poroy, R.\/Tekinalp, \u00dc.: K\u0131ymetli Evrak Hukuku Esaslar, \u0130stanbul 2010, s.29). Kambiyo senetleri devredildikten sonra m\u00fccerretlik ilkesi ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar ve senedin yarat\u0131lmas\u0131 nedeni olan \u201csebep\u201d donar. K\u0131ymetli evrak tedav\u00fcl etti\u011fi s\u00fcrece bu sebepten ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zd\u0131r. Bunun yan\u0131nda senet bor\u00e7lusu, senet hamiline kar\u015f\u0131 temel ili\u015fkiden do\u011fan def&#8217;ileri ileri s\u00fcremez. Soyutluk hamili g\u00fc\u00e7lendirir ve bu sebeple de k\u0131ymetli evraka g\u00fcveni artt\u0131r\u0131r. K\u0131ymetli evrak\u0131n soyutlu\u011funun sonu\u00e7 do\u011furmas\u0131, i\u00e7erdi\u011fi hak ve sorumluklar\u0131n senet d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ba\u015fka bir yere ba\u015fvurmaya gerek kalmaks\u0131z\u0131n herkes taraf\u0131ndan anla\u015f\u0131labilmesi ile m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/i><\/p><p style=\"margin-left: -20.7pt; text-align: justify;\"><i>S\u0131rf bu ihtiya\u00e7 dahi avalin &#8220;e\u015f r\u0131zas\u0131&#8221; noktas\u0131nda kefalete ili\u015fkin h\u00fck\u00fcmlere t\u00e2bi k\u0131l\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 imk\u00e2ns\u0131z hale getirmektedir. Ger\u00e7ekten de iki ki\u015fi aras\u0131nda d\u00fczenlenen bir s\u00f6zle\u015fmede bor\u00e7luya kefil olan ki\u015finin evli olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, e\u015fin r\u0131zas\u0131n\u0131n bulunup bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kolayl\u0131kla belirlenebilirken; tedav\u00fcl kabiliyeti nedeniyle bir kambiyo senedinde avalistin evli olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ve e\u015finin r\u0131zas\u0131n\u0131n bulunup bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 zorunlulu\u011fu, hamile kambiyo senetleri hukukuna tamamen yabanc\u0131 bir y\u00fck getirecektir. Bu detaylar\u0131n senede derc edilmesi ve sonraki cirantalar\u0131n hi\u00e7bir teredd\u00fcte mahal olmaks\u0131z\u0131n bunu bilmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir.<\/i><\/p><p style=\"margin-left: -20.7pt; text-align: justify;\"><i>Yukar\u0131dan beri yap\u0131lan a\u00e7\u0131klamalar \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde avalde, e\u015fin r\u0131zas\u0131na ili\u015fkin kefalet h\u00fck\u00fcmlerinin uygulanamayaca\u011f\u0131 kurul \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011funca kabul edilmi\u015ftir.<\/i><\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0cm -20.7pt;\"><i>Hukuk Genel Kurulunda yap\u0131lan g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeler s\u0131ras\u0131nda 6098 say\u0131l\u0131 T\u00fcrk Bor\u00e7lar Kanunu&#8217;nun 584 \u00fcnc\u00fc maddesi uyar\u0131nca e\u015flerden biri mahkemece verilmi\u015f bir ayr\u0131l\u0131k karar\u0131 olmad\u0131k\u00e7a veya yasal olarak ayr\u0131 ya\u015fama hakk\u0131 do\u011fmad\u0131k\u00e7a, ancak di\u011ferinin r\u0131zas\u0131yle kefil olabilecek olup ayn\u0131 Kanunun 603 \u00fcnc\u00fc maddesine g\u00f6re de kefalete ili\u015fkin h\u00fck\u00fcmlerin ger\u00e7ek ki\u015filerce, ki\u015fisel g\u00fcvence verilmesine dair olarak ba\u015fka ad alt\u0131nda yap\u0131lan s\u00f6zle\u015fmelere uygulanaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n h\u00fckme ba\u011fland\u0131\u011f\u0131, avalin de poli\u00e7e ile sorumluluk alt\u0131na girmi\u015f ki\u015fi lehine \u015fahsi teminat sa\u011flayan kambiyo taahh\u00fcd\u00fc oldu\u011funu, bu nedenle avale kefalette e\u015fin r\u0131zas\u0131na ili\u015fkin h\u00fck\u00fcmlerin uygulanmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi, bu nedenle yerel mahkemenin karar\u0131n\u0131n onanmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f ise de bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f Kurul \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011funca benimsenmemi\u015ftir\u2026\u201d<\/i> Demek suretiyle kambiyo senetlerinde aval veren i\u00e7in e\u015fin r\u0131zas\u0131n\u0131n aranmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtmi\u015ftir.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0cm -20.7pt;\">\u00a0<\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0cm -20.7pt;\">Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla ticaret hayat\u0131ndaki s\u00fcrat ve g\u00fcven ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131n ticari i\u015f ve i\u015flemlerin genel h\u00fck\u00fcmlerden ayr\u0131 \u00f6zel kanuni \u015fekil kurallar\u0131na ba\u011flanmas\u0131n\u0131n zorunlulu\u011funun ve T\u00fcrk Bor\u00e7lar Kanunu\u2019nun 603\u2019\u00fcnc\u00fc maddesi h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fcn avali kapsamamas\u0131n\u0131n neticesi olarak kefalet s\u00f6zle\u015fmesine \u00f6zg\u00fc olan \u2018e\u015f r\u0131zas\u0131na\u2019 ili\u015fkin h\u00fck\u00fcm avale uygulanmayacakt\u0131r.<\/p><p style=\"margin: 0cm; text-align: justify;\">\u00a0<\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify; text-indent: -.6pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; margin: 0cm 0cm 0cm -20.7pt;\"><!-- [if !supportLists]--><b><span style=\"color: #c00000;\">F.<span style=\"font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-weight: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times New Roman';\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/b><!--[endif]--><b><span style=\"color: #c00000;\">Sonu\u00e7<\/span><\/b><\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0cm -20.7pt;\"><b><span style=\"color: #002060;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/b><\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0cm -20.7pt;\">Sonu\u00e7 olarak her ne kadar kefalet s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi ve aval \u2018teminat\u2019 fonksiyonuna haiz ise de i\u015fbu kavramlar birbirinden farkl\u0131d\u0131r.\u00a0 T\u00fcrk Ticaret Kanunu\u2019nda avale ili\u015fkin \u00f6zel h\u00fck\u00fcmler bulunmakta iken kefalet s\u00f6zle\u015fmesine ili\u015fkin T\u00fcrk Bor\u00e7lar Kanunu\u2019nda genel h\u00fck\u00fcmler bulunmaktad\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla her ne kadar 6098 Say\u0131l\u0131 T\u00fcrk Bor\u00e7lar Kanunu (TBK) madde 603 uyar\u0131nca e\u015fin r\u0131zas\u0131na ili\u015fkin h\u00fck\u00fcmler, ger\u00e7ek ki\u015filerce, ki\u015fisel g\u00fcvence verilmesine ili\u015fkin olarak ba\u015fka ad alt\u0131nda yap\u0131lan di\u011fer s\u00f6zle\u015fmelere de uygulan\u0131r denmi\u015fse de aval, kambiyo senedinin \u00f6denmesini k\u0131smen veya tamamen temin amac\u0131na y\u00f6nelik \u00f6zellikli bir kambiyo taahh\u00fcd\u00fc oldu\u011fundan ve T\u00fcrk Ticaret Kanunu\u2019nda buna ili\u015fkin \u00f6zel h\u00fck\u00fcmler bulundu\u011fundan, TBK\u2019n\u0131n 603\u2019\u00fcnc\u00fc maddesinin avale uygulanmas\u0131 ve yine kefalet s\u00f6zle\u015fmesine \u00f6zg\u00fc olan \u2018e\u015f r\u0131zas\u0131na\u2019 ili\u015fkin h\u00fckm\u00fcn kambiyo senedindeki avale uygulanmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0cm -20.7pt;\"><b><span style=\"color: #002060;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/b><\/p><p style=\"margin: 0cm; text-align: right;\" align=\"right\"><i>Sayg\u0131lar\u0131m\u0131zla<\/i><\/p><p style=\"text-align: right; margin: 0cm 0cm 0cm 36.0pt;\" align=\"right\"><i>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pamuk Hukuk B\u00fcrosu <\/i><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><div><!-- [if !supportFootnotes]--><br clear=\"all\" \/><hr align=\"left\" size=\"1\" width=\"33%\" \/><!--[endif]--><div id=\"ftn1\"><p class=\"MsoFootnoteText\"><a title=\"\" href=\"file:\/\/\/C:\/Users\/gcan\/AppData\/Local\/Packages\/Microsoft.Todos_8wekyb3d8bbwe\/LocalState\/AccountsRoot\/e4a356a4950e496a96cb275f3fd284fb\/Attachments\/LOCAL_ID_21486a50ddca49fca2fa1ff0413c2a03\/KEFALETTEE%C5%9E%C4%B0NYAZILI%C4%B0ZN%C4%B0VEAVALEUYGULANAB%C4%B0L%C4%B0RL%C4%B0%C4%9E%C4%B0NE%C4%B0L%C4%B0%C5%9EK%C4%B0NB%C4%B0LG%C4%B0B%C3%9CLTEN%C4%B0_PHB.docx#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\"><!-- [if !supportFootnotes]--><span class=\"MsoFootnoteReference\"><span style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: TR; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\">[1]<\/span><\/span><!--[endif]--><\/a> \u00d6zen, 2012, 119; Ayranc\u0131, 2005, 108; Tekinay, 746; Grassinger, 1997, 13; Bilge, 1971, 369; Reiso\u011flu, 1992, 2 vd; Tando\u011fan, 1977, 497<\/p><\/div><div id=\"ftn2\"><p class=\"MsoFootnoteText\"><a title=\"\" href=\"file:\/\/\/C:\/Users\/gcan\/AppData\/Local\/Packages\/Microsoft.Todos_8wekyb3d8bbwe\/LocalState\/AccountsRoot\/e4a356a4950e496a96cb275f3fd284fb\/Attachments\/LOCAL_ID_21486a50ddca49fca2fa1ff0413c2a03\/KEFALETTEE%C5%9E%C4%B0NYAZILI%C4%B0ZN%C4%B0VEAVALEUYGULANAB%C4%B0L%C4%B0RL%C4%B0%C4%9E%C4%B0NE%C4%B0L%C4%B0%C5%9EK%C4%B0NB%C4%B0LG%C4%B0B%C3%9CLTEN%C4%B0_PHB.docx#_ftnref2\" name=\"_ftn2\"><!-- [if !supportFootnotes]--><span class=\"MsoFootnoteReference\"><span style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: TR; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\">[2]<\/span><\/span><!--[endif]--><\/a> Yavuz, 2007, 850; Reiso\u011flu, 1992, 156; Aral, 2007, 465; \u00d6zen, 2008, 97<\/p><\/div><div id=\"ftn3\"><p class=\"MsoFootnoteText\"><a title=\"\" href=\"file:\/\/\/C:\/Users\/gcan\/AppData\/Local\/Packages\/Microsoft.Todos_8wekyb3d8bbwe\/LocalState\/AccountsRoot\/e4a356a4950e496a96cb275f3fd284fb\/Attachments\/LOCAL_ID_21486a50ddca49fca2fa1ff0413c2a03\/KEFALETTEE%C5%9E%C4%B0NYAZILI%C4%B0ZN%C4%B0VEAVALEUYGULANAB%C4%B0L%C4%B0RL%C4%B0%C4%9E%C4%B0NE%C4%B0L%C4%B0%C5%9EK%C4%B0NB%C4%B0LG%C4%B0B%C3%9CLTEN%C4%B0_PHB.docx#_ftnref3\" name=\"_ftn3\"><!-- [if !supportFootnotes]--><span class=\"MsoFootnoteReference\"><span style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: TR; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\">[3]<\/span><\/span><!--[endif]--><\/a> Mehmet Helvac\u0131, Raziye Aksu \u00d6zkan, Yarg\u0131tay \u0130\u00e7tihad\u0131 Birle\u015ftirme Kararlar\u0131 I\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Avalde E\u015fin R\u0131zas\u0131n\u0131n Gereklili\u011finin De\u011ferlendirilmesi, s.1<\/p><\/div><div id=\"ftn4\"><p class=\"MsoFootnoteText\"><a title=\"\" href=\"file:\/\/\/C:\/Users\/gcan\/AppData\/Local\/Packages\/Microsoft.Todos_8wekyb3d8bbwe\/LocalState\/AccountsRoot\/e4a356a4950e496a96cb275f3fd284fb\/Attachments\/LOCAL_ID_21486a50ddca49fca2fa1ff0413c2a03\/KEFALETTEE%C5%9E%C4%B0NYAZILI%C4%B0ZN%C4%B0VEAVALEUYGULANAB%C4%B0L%C4%B0RL%C4%B0%C4%9E%C4%B0NE%C4%B0L%C4%B0%C5%9EK%C4%B0NB%C4%B0LG%C4%B0B%C3%9CLTEN%C4%B0_PHB.docx#_ftnref4\" name=\"_ftn4\"><!-- [if !supportFootnotes]--><span class=\"MsoFootnoteReference\"><span style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: TR; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\">[4]<\/span><\/span><!--[endif]--><\/a> Y\u0131lmaz, 2011, 157; Yavuz, 2007, 824; Zevkliler, 2010, 529; G\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f, 2010, 533; \u00d6zen, 2008, 47; Aral, 2007, 437; Bilge, 1956, 93<\/p><\/div><div id=\"ftn5\"><p class=\"MsoFootnoteText\"><a title=\"\" href=\"file:\/\/\/C:\/Users\/gcan\/AppData\/Local\/Packages\/Microsoft.Todos_8wekyb3d8bbwe\/LocalState\/AccountsRoot\/e4a356a4950e496a96cb275f3fd284fb\/Attachments\/LOCAL_ID_21486a50ddca49fca2fa1ff0413c2a03\/KEFALETTEE%C5%9E%C4%B0NYAZILI%C4%B0ZN%C4%B0VEAVALEUYGULANAB%C4%B0L%C4%B0RL%C4%B0%C4%9E%C4%B0NE%C4%B0L%C4%B0%C5%9EK%C4%B0NB%C4%B0LG%C4%B0B%C3%9CLTEN%C4%B0_PHB.docx#_ftnref5\" name=\"_ftn5\"><!-- [if !supportFootnotes]--><span class=\"MsoFootnoteReference\"><span style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: TR; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\">[5]<\/span><\/span><!--[endif]--><\/a> G\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f, M.A. Bor\u00e7lar Hukuku, \u00d6zel H\u00fck\u00fcmler, \u0130stanbul 2014, s.348)<\/p><\/div><div id=\"ftn6\"><p class=\"MsoFootnoteText\"><a title=\"\" href=\"file:\/\/\/C:\/Users\/gcan\/AppData\/Local\/Packages\/Microsoft.Todos_8wekyb3d8bbwe\/LocalState\/AccountsRoot\/e4a356a4950e496a96cb275f3fd284fb\/Attachments\/LOCAL_ID_21486a50ddca49fca2fa1ff0413c2a03\/KEFALETTEE%C5%9E%C4%B0NYAZILI%C4%B0ZN%C4%B0VEAVALEUYGULANAB%C4%B0L%C4%B0RL%C4%B0%C4%9E%C4%B0NE%C4%B0L%C4%B0%C5%9EK%C4%B0NB%C4%B0LG%C4%B0B%C3%9CLTEN%C4%B0_PHB.docx#_ftnref6\" name=\"_ftn6\"><!-- [if !supportFootnotes]--><span class=\"MsoFootnoteReference\"><span style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: TR; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\">[6]<\/span><\/span><!--[endif]--><\/a> \u201c\u2026asil taraf\u0131ndan vadesinin sonunda bu mebla\u011f verilmedi\u011fi takdirde \u00f6demeye bor\u00e7luyum\u201d \u015feklindeki kay\u0131t ile imza edilen kefalet \u015ferhi ancak aval ifade edebilir.\u201d Ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 karar i\u00e7in bkz. Y\u0130BGK, T. 25.03.1931 ve E. 1931\/5, K. 1931\/37. http:\/\/www.kazanci.com\/kho2\/ibb\/giris.htm.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Giri\u015f Aval ile kefaleti birbirinden ay\u0131rmak gerekmektedir. Kefalet s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi feri bir s\u00f6zle\u015fmedir, s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin ge\u00e7erlili\u011fi, ge\u00e7erli bir as\u0131l borcun varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 gerektirir ve do\u011fu\u015f, sona erme bak\u0131m\u0131ndan as\u0131l borcun varl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.[1] Kefalet s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi ferili\u011fin sonucu olarak as\u0131l s\u00f6zle\u015fmeden etkilenir, as\u0131l borcun sona ermesi, azalmas\u0131 kefilin sorumlulu\u011funu etkiler.[2] Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k aval, ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z ve asli bir nitelik ta\u015f\u0131r. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pamukhukuk.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1517"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pamukhukuk.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pamukhukuk.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pamukhukuk.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pamukhukuk.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1517"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/pamukhukuk.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1517\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1522,"href":"https:\/\/pamukhukuk.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1517\/revisions\/1522"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pamukhukuk.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1517"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pamukhukuk.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1517"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pamukhukuk.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1517"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}